보는 것과 보여지는 것

광경으로서의 여성

남성의 사회적 존재란 어떤 사람에게 무엇을 할 수 있는가를 보여주는 것이다. 그러므로 그 존재는 외면적이고 외부로 향한다. 반대로 여성의 사회적 존재는 여성의 자신의 내면적 태도로 설명된다. 관찰하는 것과 관찰 당한다는 것은 여성의 정체성이 어떤 것인가에 있어 생각해야 할 두 가지의 중요한 문제이다. 여성은 항상 자신을 주시해야 하며 자신 스스로의 이미지에 영향을 받는다. 그런 것들을 설득 당해온 것이다. 곧 그녀가 남성에게 어떻게 보이는가가 그녀의 처우를 결정짓는다. 보는 것과 보여지는 것 더보기

‘A third of pubs’ to open longer

영국의 음주, 24시간 가능해지다.
[Captured Article from BBC]

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빈지드링킹(술먹고깽판치기)이 심각하게 사회문제화되고있는 영국에서 놀라운 일이….
‘잉글랜드,웨일즈에 24시간 주류판매 및 펍 연장운영이 오늘 밤부터 합법화’

About one-third of all the pubs, clubs and shops in England and Wales licensed to sell alcohol are to get longer opening hours, BBC research suggests.
New licensing laws which allow pubs to apply for 24-hour drinking in some areas come into force at midnight.

Of the 375 licensing authorities surveyed, 301 responded in full. Researchers found 60,326 outlets will now be able to sell alcohol for longer.

But so far only a fraction – 359 pubs and clubs – will get 24-hour licences.

Licensing Minister James Purnell said the new laws would be coupled with the “toughest ever crackdown on alcohol fuelled violence”.

A rise in the number of arrests could be a measure of the success of powers in the Licensing Act, he said.

Mr Purnell told BBC Radio 4’s Today programme: “We are not saying that crime itself will go up.

Let’s not penalise the majority of responsible drinkers because of the crimes of a minority _ James Purnell, Licensing Minister

“What we are saying is that we are giving the police more powers and we do expect there to be more prosecutions.”

Mr Purnell added that premises which sell to underage youngsters will be putting their licence at risk – and he stressed that this would include supermarkets.

“It is absolutely clear that the current system has not worked,” said the minister.

“Let’s not penalise the majority of responsible drinkers because of the crimes of a minority.

“There should be a very clear principle here – that if people are not causing harm to others, government should get out of their personal lives.”

The authorities who responded to the BBC survey said:

There have been 60,326 extensions in hours for selling alcohol.

1,121 establishments will have 24-hour licences and of these 359 are pubs or clubs.
The survey results come after ministers warned that the introduction of more relaxed licensing laws on Thursday is likely to lead to an increase in alcohol related arrests.

Shadow culture secretary Theresa May said the logic of the government’s plans was “absurd”.

She told BBC News: “The government has got it the wrong way round.

“They should have been doing something about binge drinking before looking at extending the licensing hours.”

‘Urban myth’

Mrs May said it was of “great concern” that a “significant number, if not a majority” of premises that would have 24-hour drinking were supermarkets and petrol stations, which she said were often frequented by underage drinkers.

She concluded that the change “will lead to more disorder”, adding that “government ministers have accepted that there will be more crime as a result of these laws”.

But Mark Hastings from the British Beer and Pub Association welcomed the changes.

He said: “We’ve been saying for a long time that the result of this change would be a relatively modest increase in overall licensing hours, that 24-hour opening was an urban myth, and certainly 24-hour drinking would be an urban myth.

“What we’re actually seeing is that at last in this country adults are going to be treated like grown-ups and given a little bit of choice about having a social life beyond 11 o’clock at night.”